Greek Letters
While not technically formulas, Greek letters are used in many formulas and this reference can be useful for identifying their names/their LaTeX commands.
| Name | Uppercase | Lowercase | Commonly used for… |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha | \( \Alpha \) | \( \alpha \) | linear expansion, nuclear physics |
| Beta | \( \Beta \) | \( \beta \) | nuclear physics |
| Gamma | \( \Gamma \) | \( \gamma \) | special relativity, gamma function |
| Delta | \( \Delta \) | \( \delta \) | differentials, Dirac delta function |
| Epsilon | \( \Epsilon \) | \( \epsilon/\varepsilon \) | permittivity, small quantities |
| Zeta | \( \Zeta \) | \( \zeta \) | Riemann zeta function |
| Eta | \( \Eta \) | \( \eta \) | efficiency, viscosity |
| Theta | \( \Theta \) | \( \theta \) | angles, time complexity |
| Iota | \( \Iota \) | \( \iota \) | |
| Kappa | \( \Kappa \) | \( \kappa \) | thermal conductivity |
| Lambda | \( \Lambda \) | \( \lambda \) | wavelength, decay constant |
| Mu | \( \Mu \) | \( \mu \) | coefficient of friction, permeability |
| Nu | \( \Nu \) | \( \nu \) | frequency |
| Xi | \( \Xi \) | \( \xi \) | |
| Omicron | \( \Omicron \) | \( \omicron \) | |
| Pi | \( \Pi \) | \( \pi \) | product, mathematical constant |
| Rho | \( \Rho \) | \( \rho \) | resistivity, density |
| Sigma | \( \Sigma \) | \( \sigma \) | sum, standard deviation, conductivity, stress |
| Tau | \( \Tau \) | \( \tau \) | torque, time constant |
| Upsilon | \( \Upsilon \) | \( \upsilon \) | |
| Phi | \( \Phi \) | \( \phi/\varphi \) | magnetic flux, golden ratio, angles |
| Chi | \( \Chi \) | \( \chi \) | electric susceptibility, Chi-squared |
| Psi | \( \Psi \) | \( \psi \) | wave function, angles |
| Omega | \( \Omega \) | \( \omega \) | angular velocity, solid angle, resistance |